What is Rosh Hodesh?

Rosh Hodesh (ראש חודש), which translates to “head of the month” or “beginning of the month” in Hebrew, is a minor Jewish holiday marking the start of each month in the Hebrew calendar, celebrated with the appearance of the new moon. It lasts for either one or two days, depending on the length of the previous month.

Historically, women were exempt from work on Rosh Hodesh, reflecting their role in the construction of the Mishkan (Tabernacle). This practice is linked to midrashic stories rewarding women for their contributions and commitment. Today, Rosh Hodesh is often observed through women’s gatherings that may include spiritual, educational, and community-focused activities, with some groups incorporating practices like Miriam’s cup to honor women’s roles in Jewish history.